Imam Sujono, Robert Kurniawan, Prana Ugiana Gio, Rezzy Eko Caraka, Sri Kuswantono Wongsonadi
Around the world, various flood mitigation efforts have been implemented to reduce disaster risks. However, many of these efforts fail to deliver the expected results. In tropical regions, seasonal flooding in agricultural areas remains a serious threat to the farming sector due to its recurring and prolonged nature. As a result, farmers continue to suffer losses from damaged crops or total crop failure. Despite this, most disaster risk reduction initiatives do not specifically target agricultural areas. The lack of flood area data often hampers spatiotemporal analysis of flood impacts and risks. This study aims to identify agricultural areas that are affected by floods almost every year. It also seeks to generate flood-related data to support the development of disaster risk reduction strategies in rural, agriculture-dependent regions. The analysis includes flood extent, flood dynamics, severity, epicenters, and potential agricultural losses. Findings indicate that the flood epicenters are primarily located along the main river. Weak river embankments contribute significantly to the frequency and severity of flooding in agricultural areas. An empirical case study in Demak Regency reveals that high-risk flood zones are concentrated in the eastern and central regions. The study proposes three strategies to mitigate agricultural flood risks and impacts: reinforcing embankment structures, normalizing river channels, and providing disaster relief assistance. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2026.
Statistical Computing Department, Polytechnic Statistics STIS, Jakarta, 13330, Indonesia; Department of Mathematics, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, Indonesia; Research Center for Data and Information Sciences, Research Organization for Electronics and Informatics, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), West Java, Bandung, 40135, Indonesia; School of Economics and Business, Telkom University, West Java, Bandung, Indonesia; Department of Community Education, Faculty of Education, State University of Jakarta, Rawamangun, Jakarta, 13220, Indonesia
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