Indra Karnadi, Marincan Pardede, Ivan Tanra, Rinda Hedwig, Alion Mangasi Marpaung, Zener Sukra Lie, Eric Jobiliong, Dennis Kwaria, Maria Margaretha Suliyanti, Muliadi Ramli, Kurnia Lahna, Tjung Jie Lie, Hery Suyanto, Koo Hendrik Kurniawan, Kiichiro Kagawa
Self-absorption, which is known to severely disturb identification of the emission peak intensity in emission-based spectroscopy, was first studied using ordinary single pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). It was found that severe self-absorption, with an evident self-reversal, occurs in the resonance emission lines of high concentration Na, K, and Al, and thus it is impossible to obtain the linear calibration curve required for quantitative analysis. To overcome this problem, we introduce a double pulse orthogonal technique in which the first laser is fired in a parallel orientation at a varied distance of 2–6 mm from the sample surface. It is well known that the strong shock wave generated by this laser irradiation temporarily creates a vacuum-like condition immediately in front of the sample surface. This action is followed by a second laser irradiation oriented perpendicular to the sample surface. The sample ablated by the second laser irradiation expands following the shockwave excitation process in the vacuum-like air atmosphere created by the first laser. The obtained spectra of the resonance emission lines of high concentration Na, K, and Al are free from the self-reversal and weakly affected by the self-absorption effect. A linear calibration curve that intercepts near zero point for K element over a wide concentration range is also demonstrated in this study. This simple modification is considered notably helpful in overcoming the self-absorption that occurs in ordinary single pulse atmospheric pressure LIBS. © 2020, The Author(s).
Department of Electrical Engineering, Krida Wacana Christian University, Jakarta, 11470, Indonesia; Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Pelita Harapan, Tangerang, 15811, Indonesia; Computer Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, 11480, Indonesia; Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Jakarta State University, Jakarta, 13220, Indonesia; Automotive and Robotics Program, Computer Engineering Department, Binus ASO School of Engineering, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, 11480, Indonesia; Research Center of Maju Makmur Mandiri Foundation, Jakarta, 11630, Indonesia; Research Center for Physics, Indonesia Institute of Science, Kompleks Puspiptek, Tangerang Selatan, 15314, Indonesia; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia; Physics Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia; Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University, Kampus Bukit Jimbaran, Denpasar, 80361, Indonesia; Fukui Science Education Academy, Takagi Chuo 2 Chome, Fukui, 910-0804, Japan
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