Hermanto, Johansyah Lubis, Iman Sulaiman
The study aimed to develop a modified version of the Manos Reactive Agility Test (MRAT) instrument designed specifically for basketball athletes. The original MRAT measured reactive agility through visual stimuli but lacked sports-specific adaptability for the dynamic movement of basketball. The modified device incorporates basketball-specific cues (e.g., change of direction, defensive movement, and court-based stimuli) to improve ecological validity. Using a Research and Development (R&D) approach with the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) model, the study involves: A needs analysis through a survey of 44 athletes to identify agility demands. Prototype design that integrates LED light panels and motion sensors for real-time response tracking. Validation by experts in sports science (content validity index≥0.80) and reliability testing (Cronbach alpha>0.93). The results of the trial (n=44 basketball play-ers) showed that the modified MRAT had 90% accuracy in distinguishing elite and novice athletes, compared to 70% for the original MRAT. The device also improved the reliability of the retest (r=0.88 vs. 0.92) and reduced setup time by up to 30%. Modification of MRAT tools based on the needs of basketball athletes has proven to be more valid, reliable, and applicable than the standard version. This modified instrument offers a cost-effective sport-specific tool for assessing reactive agility in basketball, assisting coaches in talent identification and coaching optimization. Future studies may explore its application in other team sports. © 2026, Pan - European University Apeiron. All rights reserved.
Department of Doctoral Physical Education, Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Indonesia
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