Mamoona Arshad, Iqra Arshad, Hadia Aslam, Dalia Sukmawati, Afsana Huseynova Anvar, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir, Muhammad Khan, Marcelo Franco, Muhammad Irfan
Microbial bioproducts, including biofuels, bioplastics, and nutraceuticals, are increasingly produced via innovative biotechnological techniques to meet global sustainability demands. The knowledge of biotechnology, microbiology, chemistry, genetics, genomics, and industrial biotechnology is required for successful and enough yield of bioproducts to fulfill the increasing demand for a better and healthier lifestyle while following sustainability standards. This article discusses significant and most commonly produced bioproducts through microbes such as biofuels, biopharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, bio-based chemicals, biosurfactants, bioplastics, etc. This is possible due to the collaboration of various sectors such as agriculture, food industries, pharmaceutical industry, cosmetic industry, and most importantly, the energy sector, which utilizes a variety of feedstock to reduce waste. Key production methods include fermentation (solid-state fermentation, submerged fermentation), cell cultures, genetic engineering (CRISPR-Cas 9, directed evolution), and AI-driven bioprocessing. It requires advanced care and monitoring from initial stages to downstream processing and efficient scale-up strategies to contribute economically to the industrial sector. The significance of bioproducts increases by multiple folds with accurate advancements and innovations in bio-design, sustainable practices, minimizing waste, incorporating synthetic biology, and integrating AI-driven approaches with a focus on data analytics. Future advancements in synthetic biology and circular economy approaches are poised to revolutionize industrial scalability and environmental impact. © The Author(s) 2025.
Department of Biotechnology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan; Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jalan Rawamangun Muka Jakarta Timur, Jakarta, 13220, Indonesia; Department of Life Sciences, Khazar University, Baku, Azerbaijan; Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab New Campus Lahore, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan; Department of Exact Science, State University of Santa Cruz, Ilheus, Brazil
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