Neneng Siti Silfi Ambarwati, Berna Elya, Yesi Desmiaty, Ratu Mayra Hakim, Yulia Triyani, Agnes Nabela, Muhamad Sharul Nizam Awang
Skin disorders such as reduced elasticity and hyperpigmentation often result from the degradation of structural proteins like elastin and the overactivity of enzymes such as tyrosinase. Natural sources, particularly herbal plants like Garcinia tetandra Pierre, are known to contain bioactive compounds, including flavonoids that may act as inhibitors of elastase and tyrosinase enzymes. This study investigates the anti-elastase and anti-tyrosinase properties of pericarp extracts of Garcinia tetandra Pierre. The flavonoid content was quantified using a colorimetric method with AlCl₃ reagent. Anti-elastase activity was assessed via a microplate spectrophotometric method using a 96-well plate reader (Elx 800) at 405 nm. In comparison, anti-tyrosinase activity was measured at 490 nm using the Versamax ELISA Microplate Reader (USA). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 27, including tests for homogeneity and normality, and a two-way ANOVA. The n-hexane extract showed the highest flavonoid content (1.27% quercetin equivalent), whereas the ethyl acetate extract contained only 0.07%. Despite its lower flavonoid content, the ethyl acetate extract exhibited greater anti-elastase activity (79.91%) compared to n-hexane (73.78%). Conversely, n-hexane extract demonstrated more potent inhibition of tyrosinase activity. Significant differences in enzymatic inhibition were observed between extracts and their interactions (p < 0.05), with an R² of 88.7%, indicating a strong model fit. These findings suggest that Garcinia tetandra Pierre pericarp extracts, particularly those extracted with ethyl acetate, have promising potential as active agents in cosmeceutical formulations targeting anti-aging and skin-brightening applications. © (2025), (Insight Society). All right reserved.
Department of Cosmetology, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia; Research Center for Cosmetics, LPPM, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia; Department of Pharmacognosy-Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, West Java, Depok, Indonesia; Department Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila, Jakarta, Indonesia; Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah, Jakarta, Indonesia; Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Center (NANOCAT), Institute for Advanced Studies, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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