Ananta Yudiarso, Ista Wirya Ardhiani, Roy Surya, Ferry Yohannes Watimena, Mami Kanzaki
The psychometric properties of the Indonesian version of the 18-item Mental Toughness Questionnaire (MTQ-18) remain vague. This study uses the Rasch model to elucidate these properties. In addition, boosting classification was adopted to assess the predictive validity of athletes’ achievement. The sample size comprised 400 athletes. According to the Martin-Loef likelihood-ratio test = 482, p = 1.0 and factor analysis of the Rasch residuals, the questionnaire tends to make unidimensional assumptions. The MADaQ3 = 0.074 shows the overall tendency of local independency across all items, with the majority clustered in moderate to low-level measures. Q11, Q15, and Q18 were clearly identified as showing gender bias, with significant effect sizes. According to the boosting classification, the performance between national vs no achievement (F1 = 0.7, AUC = 0.56) and international vs no achievement (F1 = 0.62, AUC = 0.58) was flagged as unsatisfactory predictive performance. In conclusion, the abridged questionnaire is not preferable for determining an individual’s future performance or achievement. Future studies are needed to develop a better version that is more unimpeded by gender bias, and to resolve the variability of the items. Copyright © 2025 Psikohumaniora: Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi.
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia; Department of Sports Coaching, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia; Faculty of Education, Kyoto University of Education, Kyoto, Japan
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